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以煤沥青为原料、纳米CaCO3为造孔剂，制备了煤沥青基多孔碳，经混酸氧化改性后用作光吸收体(NSCTP)，与聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合构筑了煤沥青基多孔碳水凝胶界面水蒸发器(NSCTP@PVA)．研究了光吸收体和蒸发器的微观结构、光吸收性能、亲水性、光热转换以及太阳能驱动界面水蒸发性能．结果表明：NSCTP@PVA水凝胶蒸发器具有优异的水传输特性和光热转换能力，在1 kW·m-2光照强度下，水蒸发速率为1.28 kg·m-2·h-1，光热转换效率为74.16%，且在3.5 wt%NaCl溶液以及模拟苦咸水中，经过长循环测试，水蒸发速率仍可稳定在1.20 kg·m-2·h-1，展现出优异的循环稳定性和蒸发性能．同时，NSCTP@PVA水凝胶蒸发器在海水淡化、苦咸水净化、染料去除及工业废水净化中均展现出优异的性能．
Abstract：Coal tar pitch-based porous carbon is prepared using coal tar pitch as the raw material and CaCO_3as the pore-making agent,after undergoing oxidation modification with a mixed acid,it is utilized as a light absorber(NSCTP).Subsequently,it is combined with polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) to construct a coal tar pitch-based porous carbon hydrogel interfacial water evaporator(NSCTP@PVA).A systematic study is carried out to examine the microstructure,light-absorption properties,hydrophilicity,photothermal conversion characteristics,and solardriven interfacial water evaporation performance of light absorbers and evaporators.The results show that the NSCTP@PVA hydrogel evaporator exhibits excellent water transport characteristics and photothermal conversion efficiency,with a water evaporation rate of 1.28 kg·m-2·h-1 and photothermal conversion efficiency of 74.16% under1 kW·m-2 light intensity.Even after long cycling in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution and simulated brine,the evaporation rate remains stable at 1.20 kg·m-2·h-1,demonstrating remarkable cycling stability and evaporation performance.Furthermore,the NSCTP@PVA hydrogel evaporator shows excellent performance in seawater desalination,brine purification,dye removal,and industrial wastewater treatment.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2024.03.04.0003
中图分类号:TK519;TQ427.26
引用信息:
[1]张志伟,唐亚昆,刘浪,等.煤沥青基多孔碳水凝胶的构筑及其太阳能界面水蒸发性能研究[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版中英文),2025,42(05):525-534.DOI:10.13568/j.cnki.651094.651316.2024.03.04.0003.
基金信息:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金重点项目“煤沥青基三维多孔碳材料的可控制备及其太阳能驱动苦咸水净化”（2022D01D28）; 新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项“重质碳资源的化学组成分析、评价及下游产品开发”（2020B02019-1）