石油沥青基碳纳米管的制备、表面改性及其电化学性能Preparation,Surface Modification and Electrochemical Performance of Carbon Nanotubes from Petroleum Asphalt
刘仕涛,陈晓南,李丽
摘要(Abstract)：
以新疆石油沥青为碳源,NiCl_2·6H_2O作催化剂,采用化学气相沉积法,在氮气气氛中加热至1200?C恒温3 h制备出碳纳米管(CNTs).采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和拉曼光谱(Roman)对所制备的产物进行形貌和结构表征.结果表明产物为石墨化程度较低的多壁碳纳米管,其直径和长度分别为40～80 nm和0.5～3.0μm.研究了KOH活化和混酸(浓硝酸:浓硫酸=1:3)酸化对CNTs电容的影响,发现当CNTs与KOH按1:2质量比混合、700?C下活化后再混酸酸化,在电流密度为0.5A·g~(-1)时CNTs的电容为42 F·g~(-1),当电流密度增大10倍的情况下,其电容量仍旧保持了83.8%,体现出良好的倍率性能.
关键词(KeyWords)： 石油沥青;NiCl_2·6H_2O;化学气相沉积;碳纳米管;比电容
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(21567026);; 新疆大学创新项目(201510755052)资助
作者(Author): 刘仕涛,陈晓南,李丽
DOI: 10.13568/j.cnki.651094.2017.02.010
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